Non-Operative Treatment

Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a condition caused by overuse or repetitive strain on the tendons that attach to the outside of the elbow. Despite its name, this condition is not limited to tennis players; it commonly affects individuals who perform repetitive arm motions, such as painters, carpenters, mechanics, and office workers who use a computer mouse extensively.

Without proper treatment, tennis elbow can become a chronic issue, leading to persistent pain and weakness in the forearm. Early intervention can help prevent further damage and improve recovery outcomes.

An ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle stretch beyond their limits or tear, typically due to a sudden twist, fall, or misstep. This injury is common among athletes and individuals engaging in physical activities but can affect anyone.

Frozen shoulder is characterized by the gradual onset of pain and restricted movement in the shoulder joint. The condition typically progresses through three stages:

Freezing Stage: Increasing pain and decreasing range of motion.

Frozen Stage: Pain may diminish, but stiffness remains, severely limiting shoulder use.

Thawing Stage: Gradual improvement in mobility.

The entire process can span several months to years.

Bursitis occurs when the small, fluid-filled sacs called bursae become inflamed. These sacs act as cushions, reducing friction between bones, tendons, and muscles near your joints. When irritated, bursae can cause significant pain and limit movement. Common areas affected include the shoulders, elbows, hips, and knees.

Plantar fasciitis involves inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue connecting your heel bone to your toes, supporting the arch of your foot. This condition is a leading cause of heel pain, often resulting from repetitive stress or tension.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions worldwide. It occurs when the cartilage cushioning your joints deteriorates, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited mobility. OA typically impacts the knees, hips, hands, and spine, making even simple daily activities challenging.

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and mass, leading to fragile bones susceptible to fractures. Often termed the "silent disease," it progresses without noticeable symptoms until a fracture occurs.

Ligament injuries occur when these tough, fibrous bands of connective tissue are overstretched or torn, typically due to sudden movements, high-impact sports, or accidents. The most commonly affected ligaments include those in the knee, ankle, wrist, and shoulder.

Ligament injuries vary in severity:

Grade 1 (Mild): Slight stretching and microscopic tears in the ligament fibers.

Grade 2 (Moderate): Partial tearing, leading to some joint instability.

Grade 3 (Severe): Complete tear of the ligament, often requiring surgical intervention.

A stress fracture is a small crack or severe bruising within a bone, typically resulting from repetitive force or overuse. These injuries are common in weight-bearing bones such as the lower leg and foot. Athletes and military personnel are particularly susceptible due to the high physical demands of their activities.

Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by sudden, severe episodes of pain, redness, and swelling in the joints. It occurs due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals within the joint, leading to intense inflammation. While it commonly affects the big toe, gout can involve other joints such as the ankles, knees, wrists, and fingers.

A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled swelling that develops behind the knee due to excess synovial fluid production. This often results from an underlying knee condition such as arthritis, cartilage damage, or joint inflammation. While some cysts may be painless, others can cause discomfort, swelling, and restricted movement.

If left untreated, a Baker’s cyst can grow larger or rupture, leading to increased pain and swelling in the calf. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for long-term relief.

Shin splints refer to pain along the inner edge of the shinbone, typically resulting from overuse or repetitive stress on the tibia and the connective tissues that attach muscles to the bone. This condition often arises after sudden increases in physical activity, especially activities involving high-impact movements.

Patellar tendonitis is an overuse injury resulting from repetitive stress on the patellar tendon. This stress leads to microtears and inflammation, commonly affecting athletes involved in jumping or running activities. However, it can occur in anyone engaging in repetitive knee movements.

De Quervain's Tendonitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist, leading to pain and swelling. This inflammation can make it challenging to perform movements involving the thumb and wrist, such as gripping or pinching.

Achilles tendonitis is characterized by inflammation of the Achilles tendon, often resulting from overuse or repetitive stress. It commonly affects athletes, particularly runners, but can also occur in individuals who have recently increased their physical activity levels.

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. This deterioration leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced function. Common symptoms include:

Pain: Discomfort during or after movement.

Stiffness: Notable upon waking or after inactivity.

Swelling: Resulting from inflammation in the joint.

Decreased Range of Motion: Difficulty fully bending or straightening the knee.

Dupuytren's Contracture is a hand deformity that develops over time, affecting the connective tissue under the skin of the palm. This condition leads to the formation of thickened cords, causing one or more fingers to bend toward the palm, restricting movement.

Tendonitis is the inflammation or irritation of a tendon. It often results from repetitive motion or overuse, making it common among athletes, manual laborers, and individuals engaging in repetitive tasks. Tendonitis most commonly occurs in the shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees, and heels. 

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is characterized by pain at the front of the knee, around the kneecap (patella). This discomfort often arises when the patella does not move smoothly within the femoral groove during knee movements. Factors such as overuse, improper alignment, or muscle imbalances can contribute to this condition.

Impingement Syndrome occurs when the rotator cuff tendons are compressed between the bones of the shoulder, leading to inflammation and discomfort. This condition is often caused by repetitive overhead movements, wear and tear, or anatomical variations in the shoulder structure.

Trigger finger, medically known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition where a finger or thumb becomes locked in a bent position due to inflammation of the tendon sheath. This inflammation restricts the smooth gliding motion of the tendon, causing the finger to catch or lock during movement.

Golfer's Elbow, medically known as medial epicondylitis, is a condition characterized by pain and inflammation on the inner side of the elbow, where the tendons of the forearm muscles attach to the bony prominence (medial epicondyle). This condition results from overuse or repetitive stress, leading to microtears in the tendons.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease is an overuse injury that leads to pain and swelling below the knee joint, where the patellar tendon attaches to the shinbone (tibia). It typically occurs during growth spurts in adolescents engaged in activities involving running, jumping, or repetitive knee bending.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm, becomes compressed at the wrist. The condition is often caused by repetitive hand motions, wrist injuries, or underlying medical conditions. Without treatment, symptoms can worsen over time, leading to permanent nerve damage.